{"id":2552,"date":"2026-07-27T21:35:10","date_gmt":"2026-07-28T04:35:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/?page_id=2552"},"modified":"2026-07-30T14:48:57","modified_gmt":"2026-07-30T21:48:57","slug":"wolves","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/science\/ecology\/wolves\/","title":{"rendered":"Wolves"},"content":{"rendered":"<div  class='flex_column av-95reso-69ef332a560494493aaea12f8dc05fe6 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-ms45wch3-ba56677d6b4676fd566428e8a0ac10f8 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mqqvtc7j-0edee5f9144fd8b4de7a3801e3a53975\">\n#top .flex_column.av-mqqvtc7j-0edee5f9144fd8b4de7a3801e3a53975{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:10px;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_column.av-mqqvtc7j-0edee5f9144fd8b4de7a3801e3a53975{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:10px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-mqqvtc7j-0edee5f9144fd8b4de7a3801e3a53975 av_one_third  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_two_third  first flex_column_div  column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-6sls54-bab70cc167857dc9879ccc03399c972b\">\n.avia-image-container.av-6sls54-bab70cc167857dc9879ccc03399c972b img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-6sls54-bab70cc167857dc9879ccc03399c972b .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-6sls54-bab70cc167857dc9879ccc03399c972b av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-3  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-2742 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2742 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/unnamed-201x300.jpg\" alt='' title='unnamed'  height=\"300\" width=\"201\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/unnamed-201x300.jpg 201w, https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/unnamed.jpg 236w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 201px) 100vw, 201px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-5pn6bc-2556684ab82976b27e612684a93f1bc3\">\n#top .flex_column.av-5pn6bc-2556684ab82976b27e612684a93f1bc3{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:10px;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_column.av-5pn6bc-2556684ab82976b27e612684a93f1bc3{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:10px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-5pn6bc-2556684ab82976b27e612684a93f1bc3 av_two_third  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_one_third  el_before_av_one_full  flex_column_div  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-4odnk8-159d044b4263731cd706454501c4619b '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>*Photo credit:\u00a0 Ian McAllister, executive director of <a href=\"http:\/\/pacificwild.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"ms-rteFontFace-12 ms-rteFontSize-3\">Pacific Wild<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2739 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Tundra.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Tundra.jpg 640w, https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Tundra-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Tundra-391x260.jpg 391w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: georgia, serif;font-size: large\">Wolf&#8230;<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: georgia, serif;font-size: large\">\u00a0 \u00a0 Teacher,<br \/>\n<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: georgia, serif;font-size: large\">\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 Pathfinder,<br \/>\n<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: georgia, serif;font-size: large\">\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 Moon-dog of my soul.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: georgia, serif;font-size: large\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: georgia, serif;font-size: large\">Howling,<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: georgia, serif;font-size: large\">\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 Singing,<br \/>\n<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: large\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, serif\">\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, serif\">\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, serif\">\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, serif\">\u00a0 \u00a0 Teaching how to know.<\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: large\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: xx-small\">*from Medicine Cards: \u00a0The Discovery of Power Through the Ways of Animals. by Jamie Sams &amp; David Carson\u200b<\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<h2>Videos:<\/h2>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Wolves Change Rivers\" width=\"1500\" height=\"844\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ysa5OBhXz-Q?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Who Speaks For Wolf\" width=\"1333\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/WUW4NhLrZUM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Wolf Hunting Tactics | National Geographic\" width=\"1333\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/2jXxtQRy47A?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Bill Nye Talks Dogs and Explores the Lessons of Canine Evolution  | Big Think.\" width=\"1500\" height=\"844\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/4qEqesmUWio?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The Evolution of Wolves into Dogs\" width=\"1500\" height=\"844\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/VJJcsDsRb7Y?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Jim &amp; Jamie Dutcher: The Hidden Life of Wolves | Nat Geo Live\" width=\"1500\" height=\"844\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/d36MK94POaI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Discovery Channel: Wolves at Our Door (1997)\" width=\"1333\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Nl1BkSmHv9c?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The Rise Of The Black Wolf\" width=\"1500\" height=\"844\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/W4TEEYnc0yg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Reunion between Anita and the wolves\" width=\"1500\" height=\"844\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/3hdUCzbCuYk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"ms-rteThemeForeColor-2-5 ms-rteFontFace-12 ms-rteFontSize-3\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.wolf.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">International Wolf Center<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"ms-rteThemeForeColor-2-5 ms-rteFontFace-12 ms-rteFontSize-3\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.northernlightswildlife.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Northern Lights Wolf Center<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"ms-rteThemeForeColor-2-5 ms-rteFontFace-12 ms-rteFontSize-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/online.sd71.bc.ca\/7s\/goog_532026198\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u00a0<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"ms-rteThemeForeColor-2-5 ms-rteFontFace-12 ms-rteFontSize-3\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/livingwithwolves.org\/national-geographic\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Living with Wolves National Geographic<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/online.sd71.bc.ca\/7s\/goog_532026216\" rel=\"nofollow\"><strong class=\"ms-rteThemeForeColor-2-5 ms-rteFontFace-12 ms-rteFontSize-3\">\u00a0<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"ms-rteThemeForeColor-2-5 ms-rteFontFace-12 ms-rteFontSize-3\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.wolfquest.org\/about_wolves.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Wolf Quest<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"ms-rteThemeForeColor-2-5 ms-rteFontFace-12 ms-rteFontSize-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/online.sd71.bc.ca\/7s\/goog_532026237\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u00a0<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"ms-rteThemeForeColor-2-5 ms-rteFontFace-12 ms-rteFontSize-3\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.yellowstonepark.com\/wolf-reintroduction-changes-ecosystem\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Yellowstone Park wolf reintroduction<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"ms-rteThemeForeColor-2-5 ms-rteFontFace-12 ms-rteFontSize-3\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"ms-rteThemeForeColor-2-5 ms-rteFontFace-12 ms-rteFontSize-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hakaimagazine.com\/features\/death-modern-wolf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gray wolf on Vancouver Island\u200b<\/a>:\u00a0 Death of a Modern Wolf from Hakai Magazine<br \/>\n<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"ms-rteThemeForeColor-2-5 ms-rteFontFace-12 ms-rteFontSize-3\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"ms-rteFontFace-12 ms-rteFontSize-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/422924890?__s=m4p36yhssfk1kwjmjsrk\">Vimeo Takaya\u200b<\/a><br \/>\n<\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Binder2-WC.pdf\">Binder2 -WC<\/a><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/42563673\">Discovery Channel Wolves at our Door***find link on email<\/a><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"ms-rteFontFace-12 ms-rteFontSize-3\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-2a2npk-ddab86d9924c3be676d1a1dc9c021ee0 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_two_third  avia-builder-el-last  first flex_column_div  column-top-margin'     ><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"parent":2549,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_bg_child_page_menu_hide":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2552","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2552","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2552"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2552\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2953,"href":"https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2552\/revisions\/2953"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2549"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hub71.ca\/erudolph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2552"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}